Title: German - General Quicksheet
Author: Jeff DeMaagd
Last Update: 1/24/1999
The German Quicksheet Index page.
Conjunctions:
| Coordinating Conjunctions
| Deutsch | English |
| aber | but |
| denn | because |
| sondern | but (rather) |
| oder | or |
| und | and |
|
Subordinating Conjunctions
| Deutsch | English |
| als | when (specific time in past) |
| daß (dass) | that |
| weil | because |
| ob | if (whether or not) |
| wann | when (at which time) |
| wenn | if (on the condition that) |
|
'When' Conjunctions
| Deutsch | English |
| als | when (specific time in past) |
| wann | when (at which time) |
| wenn | when (on the condition that) |
'If' Conjunctions
| Deutsch | English |
| ob | if (whether or not) |
| wenn | if (on the condition that) |
|
Notes:
There are only 5 coordinating conjunctions in the German Language. All other conjunctions are subordinating conjunctions.
While weil and denn have similar meanings, weil shows a stronger connection or causality.
The conjunction daß is said to eventually be changed to dass in the future. I like daß more, but if it is an official standard to use otherwise, then I'm fine with it.
The question words also cause subordinate clauses.
Question Words
| Deutsch | wer | was | warum | wann | wo | wie | wieveil | wo...hin |
| English | who | what | why | when | where | how | how much | where...to? |
Posessive Adjectives:
| First | Second | Masc. | Neuter | Feminine | we | they | pl.'you' | formal 'you' |
| mein | dein | sein | sein | ihr | unser | euer | ihr | Ihr
|
Articles / Endings
| Masculine | Neuter | Feminine | Plural |
| Nominative | der / - | das / - | die / -e | die / -e |
| Accusative | den / -en | das / - | die / -e | die / -e |
| Dative | dem / -em | dem / -em | der / -er | den -n / -en, -n |
| Genitive | des / -(e)s | des / -(e)s | der / - | der / - |
The parentheses in the genitive case denote that if the modified word has one syllable, include the 'e', else drop it.
Prepositions
Accusative
| Deutsch | English |
| bis | until |
| durch | through |
| fur | for |
| gegen | against |
| ohne | without |
| um | around/at |
|
Dative
| Deutsch | English |
| aus | out of |
| außer | besides |
| bei | near, by, with |
| mit | with |
| nach | after/to |
| seit | since | von | from |
| zu | to/at |
| gegenüber | across from |
|
Accusative / Dative
| Deutsch | English |
| an | on vert. |
| auf | on horz. |
| hinter | behind |
| in | in |
| neben | besides | | uber | over |
| unter | under |
| vor | front of |
| zwischen | between |
|
Genitive
| Deutsch | English |
| (an)statt | instead of |
| trotz | in spite of |
| wahrend | during |
| wegen | on account of |
|
Prepositional Phraise Word Endings
Primary / Secondary
| Masc. | Neuter | Feminine | Plural |
| Nominative | -er * /-e | -es * /-e | -e/-e | -e/-en |
| Accusative | -en/-en | -es * /-e | -e/-e | -e/-en |
| Dative | -em/-en | -em/-en | -er/-en | -en -n/-en |
| Genitive | -es -s | -es -s | -er | -er |
* - ein -words have no ending in these cases.
The words take on the primary ending unless there is an ein-word or a der-word
Adjectives / Adverbs
Amerika America\
alles everything\
da there
das that
dort there
heir here\
helles bright
langer long
leben live, life
leicht light
müde tired\
nach to\
nein no\
noch yet, still, nor, another
nur only
schon already
spät late\
später later\
wieder again
danke thank you\
finden to find\
Frau,Fraulien Misses.\
Herr sir\
kennen to know\
Hunger hungry\
kosten to cost, sample, taste\
sein (bin, bist ist, sind, seid, sind) to be\
verrückt crazy\
weg away\
Alright, some of the above Aren't adjectives, I just have no clue how to categorize them.
Mr und Mrs Blake bestellen sich ein Gedeck.
Dann kommt ein anderer Kellner.
Mr Blake trinkt einen leichten Weißwein, Frau Blake bestellt sich ein Glas helles Bier.
Nach dem Nachtich verlangt Mr. Blake die Rechnung.
ausgezeichnet
Mr and Mrs Blake order themselves a menu.
Then another waiter comes.
Mr Blake drinks a light weisswein, Mrs. Blake orders itself a glass light beer.
For the Naechtich Mr. Blake asks for the bill.
Travel Tips for Germany:
When you are under 26, you can qualify for student rates.
You usually need an international student ID, which American students can get from the AYH for about $25.
American Youth Hostel Association
PO Box 37613
Washington DC 20013-7613
Telephone: 202 793 6161
©1998 Jeff DeMaagd , base document. Open Content Licence
Changes:
1/24/1999 - verbs now have their own page.
Work To Do:
I would appreciate contributions to this page.
If you know HTML and can format similarly to my code (or better), please learn how to use 'patch' and 'diff' so I don't have to pick out every little change and add them. 'patch' and 'diff' are standard UNIX development tools, available in free versions.